Charles Sidney Winder

Charles Sidney Winder
Charles Sidney Winder
Charles Sidney Winder.jpg
Charles Sidney Winder
photo taken between 1855 and 1861
Born October 18, 1829(1829-10-18)
Easton, Maryland
Died August 9, 1862(1862-08-09) (aged 32)
Cedar Mountain, Virginia
Place of burial three different locations
Allegiance United States of America
Confederate States of America
Service/branch Confederate Army
Years of service 1850–61 (USA)
1861–62 (CSA)
Rank Captain (USA)
Brigadier General (CSA)
Battles/wars American Civil War

Charles Sidney Winder (October 18, 1829 – August 9, 1862), was a career United States Army officer and a Confederate general officer in the American Civil War. He was killed in action during the Battle of Cedar Mountain.

Contents

Early life and career

Winder was born in the town of Easton in Talbot County, Maryland, a nephew of future U.S. naval officer Franklin Buchanan and a second cousin to future Confederate general John H. Winder. He attended St. John's College, also located in Maryland. Then in 1846 he entered the United States Military Academy at West Point, and graduated 22nd of 44 cadets in 1850. He was appointed a brevet second lieutenant in the 4th U.S. Artillery. Exactly a year after leaving West Point, Winder was promoted to second lieutenant in the 3rd U.S. Artillery on July 1, 1851.[1]

Winder served as the 3rd's Regimental Adjutant from April 4, 1854 to March 3, 1855, with a promotion to first lieutenant coming on April 5, 1854.[1] In 1854, while en route to California, the vessel on which he was aboard, the San Francisco, was struck by a hurricane. For his valor in the face of this crisis, Winder was promoted to captain in the 9th U.S. Infantry on March 3, 1855,[1] at the relatively young age of twenty-six.

He later saw action against Native Americans in the Washington Territory. At the outbreak of hostilities between North and South, he resigned from the Army in 1861.[2]

Civil War service

Winder resigned his U.S. Army commission on April 1, 1861, and was appointed a captain of artillery in the Confederate Army on March 16, and then quickly promoted to major later that day.[1] He was appointed colonel of the 6th South Carolina Infantry on July 8,[1] leading it to prominence in the Confederate army.

He was promoted to brigadier general on March 1, 1862,[1] and assigned to the Shenandoah Valley under the command of Stonewall Jackson. Having recently court-martialed Brig. Gen. Richard B. Garnett, Jackson placed Winder in command of his old brigade. This, combined with Winder's reputation as a strict disciplinarian, was widely resented by both the officers and men now under him. In fact, so general was the feeling of animosity toward him, by August 1862 it was widely rumored Winder would be shot by one of his own men in the next battle.[3]

Cedar Mountain and death

Approximate location at Cedar Mountain battlefield where Gen. Winder was standing when mortally wounded by a Union shell. Facing south.

On August 9, 1862, Winder led his men into battle at Cedar Mountain, on the left flank of the Confederate line. He did so despite having been ill for several days, and in defiance of a surgeon's order to rest. He was personally directing the fire of a battery when a Union shell struck him in his left side, horribly mangling him. Born to the rear on a stretcher, Winder died later that evening.[4]

Winder's body was initially buried in nearby Orange Court House, before being disinterred and transported to Richmond. There, a state funeral was given in his honor, followed by re-interment at Hollywood Cemetery. Three years later, his family had his body again removed, this time to be permanently buried in the family cemetery at Wye House, located near his birthplace of Easton, Maryland.[5]

In his official report of the battle, Stonewall Jackson lamented General Winder's loss, writing,

It is difficult within the proper reserve of an official report to do justice to the merits of this accomplished officer. Urged by the medical director to take no part in the movements of the day because of the then enfeebled state of his health, his ardent patriotism and military pride could bear no such restraint. Richly endowed with those qualities of mind and person which fit an officer for command and which attract the admiration and excite the enthusiasm of troops, he was rapidly rising to the front rank of his profession. His loss has been severely felt.[6]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f Eicher, p. 757.
  2. ^ Freeman, p. 326.
  3. ^ Krick, p. 19
  4. ^ Krick, pp. 96, 377.
  5. ^ Krick, pp. 377-78.
  6. ^ Official Records, Series I, Vol. XII, Part II, p. 183.

References

  • Eicher, John H., and Eicher, David J., Civil War High Commands, Stanford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8047-3641-3.
  • Freeman, Douglas S., Lee's Lieutenants: A Study in Command (3 volumes), Scribners, 1946, ISBN 0-684-85979-3.
  • Krick, Robert K., Stonewall Jackson at Cedar Mountain, University of North Carolina Press, 1990, ISBN 0-8078-5355-0.
  • Tanner, Robert G., Stonewall in the Valley: Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's Shenandoah Valley Campaign, Spring 1862, Stackpole Books, 1996.
  • U.S. War Department, The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901.

External links


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • John Henry Winder — als General des konföderierten Heeres John Henry Winder (* 7. Februar 1800 im Somerset County, Maryland; † 21. Februar 1865 in Florence, South Carolina) war Berufssoldat und Offizier sowohl des US Heeres als auch des …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • John H. Winder — Infobox Military Person name= John Henry Winder born= Birth date|1800|02|21 died= February 7, 1865 placeofbirth= Somerset County, Maryland placeofdeath= Florence, South Carolina caption= John Henry Winder nickname= allegiance= United States of… …   Wikipedia

  • Liste Des Généraux De La Confédération — Liste des officiers généraux de la Confédération ou Sudistes, durant la guerre de Sécession Liens internes Liste des généraux de l Union Grades Général = général d armée, Lieutenant général = général de corps d armée, Major général = général de… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Liste des generaux de la Confederation — Liste des généraux de la Confédération Liste des officiers généraux de la Confédération ou Sudistes, durant la guerre de Sécession Liens internes Liste des généraux de l Union Grades Général = général d armée, Lieutenant général = général de… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Liste des généraux de la Confédération — Liste des officiers généraux de la Confédération ou Sudistes, durant la guerre de Sécession : Grades Général = général d armée, Lieutenant général = général de corps d armée, Major général = général de division, Brigadier général = général… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Liste des généraux de la confédération — Liste des officiers généraux de la Confédération ou Sudistes, durant la guerre de Sécession Liens internes Liste des généraux de l Union Grades Général = général d armée, Lieutenant général = général de corps d armée, Major général = général de… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Stonewall Brigade — The Stonewall Brigade of the Confederate Army during the American Civil War, was a famous combat unit in United States military history. It was trained and first led by General Thomas J. Stonewall Jackson, a professor from Virginia Military… …   Wikipedia

  • Forces en présence lors de la bataille d'Antietam — Ordre de bataille lors de la bataille d Antietam Article principal : Bataille d Antietam. Ce qui suit est l ordre de bataille des forces militaires en présence lors de la bataille d Antietam, qui eut lieu le 17 septembre 1862 lors de la… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Ordre de bataille lors de la bataille d'Antietam — Article principal : Bataille d Antietam. Ce qui suit est l ordre de bataille des forces militaires en présence lors de la bataille d Antietam, qui eut lieu le 17 septembre 1862 lors de la guerre civile américaine, appelée également Guerre de …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Forces en présence lors de la Bataille de Sept Jours — Ordre de bataille lors de la Bataille de Sept Jours Article principal : Bataille de Sept Jours . Ce qui suit est l ordre de bataille des forces militaires en présence lors de la Bataille de Sept Jours, qui eut lieu du 25 juin au 1er juillet… …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”